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By the last rales of Nasrid rule, the city had a population of about 15,000. It played a role both as stopover of the Atlantic international trade (as part of the routes connecting the Central Mediterranean to the North Atlantic) and as regional trading cog of the Kingdom of Granada. In the 15th century, Málaga was the main Nasrid port (followed by Almería), featuring a notable presence of Genoese merchants. The export-oriented harbour traded silk fabrics, dry nuts (raisins, almonds and the famous Raiya figs, reportedly exported to as far as China), vine, cutlery, leather and the famous regional lustreware. The visigoths ruled the city until the Umayyad Caliphate's conquest of the area in 711.Īfter the formation of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada in the 13th century, Málaga became a part of it. The city was retaken by the Visigoth King Sisebuto in 615. The Byzantines restored and expanded the docks, thus consolidating the fishing and trading tradition the city already enjoyed. The city was taken circa 552 by the Byzantine Empire either Malaca or Carthago Nova possibly then becoming the capital of the province of Spania. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, it was ruled first by the Visigoths. Transformed into a confederated city, it was under a special law, the Lex Flavia Malacitana. By the 1st century BC, Strabo alluded to its Phoenician profile, in contrast to the hellenized characteristics of the neighbouring settlement of Mainake. Īfter the Punic Wars, the Roman Republic took control of the town known to them as Malaca. The Phoenician and Later Roman urban core developed around an area running from the Gibralfaro Hill to the mouth of the Malaca flumen ( Guadalmedina). Like other Phoenician colonies, it fell under Carthaginian rule during the 6th or 5th century BC. The town controlled access to the Guadalmedina and served as a waypoint on trade routes between Phoenicia and the Strait of Gibraltar. Phoenicians from Tyre founded a colony named Málaka ( Greek: Μάλακα) or Malake about 770 BC. Regarding transportation, Málaga is served by the Málaga–Costa del Sol Airport and the Port of Málaga, whereas the city is connected to the high-speed railway network since 2007.Ĭlay amphora from the Cerro del Villar site, near the mouth of the Guadalhorce (6th century BC). It hosts the headquarters of the region's largest bank, Unicaja, and it is the fourth-ranking city in Spain in terms of economic activity behind Madrid, Barcelona and Valencia. Málaga has consolidated as tech hub, with companies mainly concentrated in the Málaga TechPark (Technology Park of Andalusia). The most important business sectors in Málaga are tourism, construction and technology services, but other sectors such as transportation and logistics are beginning to expand. The painter and sculptor Pablo Picasso, Hebrew poet and Jewish philosopher Solomon Ibn Gabirol and the actor Antonio Banderas were born in Málaga. The archaeological remains and monuments from the Phoenician, Roman, Arabic and Christian eras make the historic center of the city an "open museum", displaying its history of nearly 3,000 years. After the fall of the empire and the end of Visigothic rule, it was under Islamic rule as Mālaqah ( Arabic: مالقة) for 800 years, but in 1487, the Crown of Castille gained control in the midst of the Granada War. From the 6th century BC the city was under the hegemony of Ancient Carthage, and from 218 BC, it was ruled by the Roman Republic and then empire as Malaca ( Latin). According to most scholars, it was founded about 770 BC by the Phoenicians as Malaka ( Punic: ????, MLKʾ). Málaga's history spans about 2,800 years, making it one of the oldest cities in Europe and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It lies on the Costa del Sol ( Coast of the Sun) of the Mediterranean, about 100 kilometres (62.14 miles) east of the Strait of Gibraltar and about 130 km (80.78 mi) north of Africa. With a population of 578,460 in 2020, it is the second-most populous city in Andalusia after Seville and the sixth most populous in Spain. Málaga ( / ˈ m æ l ə ɡ ə/, Spanish: ) is a municipality of Spain, capital of the Province of Málaga, in the autonomous community of Andalusia.